adj. done by design; "the insult was intentional"; "willful disobedience"

adj. by conscious design or purpose; "intentional damage"; "a knowing attempt to defraud"; "a willful waste of time"

adj. habitually disposed to disobedience and opposition

adj. designed or carried out according to a plan; "the planned outlays for new equipment"

adj. characterized by deliberate purpose and some degree of planning; "a premeditated crime"

adj. not tacit or implied; "her express wish"

adj. carefully thought out in advance; "a calculated insult"; "with measured irony"

adj. carefully practiced or designed or premeditated; "a studied reply"

adj. marked by practical hardheaded intelligence; "a smart businessman"; "an astute tenant always reads the small print in a lease"; "he was too shrewd to go along with them on a road that could lead only to their overthrow"

adj. having inner resources; adroit or imaginative; "someone who is resourceful is capable of dealing with difficult situations"; "an able and resourceful politician"; "the most resourceful cook in town"

adj. planned beforehand; "a prearranged signal"

adj. occurring without motivation or provocation; "motiveless malignity"; "unprovoked and dastardly attack"- F.D.Roosevelt

adj. tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

adj. not tractable; difficult to manage or mold; "an intractable disposition"; "intractable pain"; "the most intractable issue of our era"; "intractable metal"

adj. impervious to correction by punishment

adj. of persons; "the little boy's parents think he is spirited, but his teacher finds him unruly"

adj. stubbornly defiant of authority or restraint: "an obstreperous almost mutinous crew"; "the University suspended the most recalcitrant demonstrators"; "a truculent speech against the new government"

adj. stubbornly unyielding; "dogged persistence"; "dour determination"; "the most vocal and pertinacious of all the critics"; "a mind not gifted to discover truth but tenacious to hold it"- T.S.Eliot; "men tenacious of opinion"

adj. stubbornly persistent in wrongdoing

adj. not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure; "a difficult task"; "nesting places on the cliffs are difficult of access"; "difficult times"; "a difficult child"; "found himself in a difficult situation"; "why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?"

adj. unreasonably rigid in the face of argument or entreaty or attack

adj. not responding to treatment; "a stubborn infection"; "a refractory case of acne"; "stubborn rust stains"

adj. disposed to or in a state of mutiny; "the men became mutinous and insubordinate"

adj. resisting control or authority; "temperamentally rebellious"; "a rebellious crew"

adj. not making concessions; "took an uncompromising stance in the peace talks"; "uncompromising honesty"

adj. not servile or submissive

adj. obstinate and stupid

adj. impervious to pleas, persuasion, requests, reason; "he is adamant in his refusal to change his mind"; "Cynthia was inexorable; she would have none of him"- W.Churchill; "an intransigent conservative opposed to every liberal tendency"

adj. not by chance

adj. acting on one's own initiative; "man is a voluntary agent"

adj. "voluntary generosity in times of disaster"

adj. voluntarily assumed or endured; "self-imposed exile"

adj. not brought about by coercion or force; "the confession was uncoerced"

adj. without payment; "the soup kitchen was run primarily by unpaid helpers"; "a volunteer fire department"

adj. intentionally conceived; "a conscious effort to speak more slowly"; "a conscious policy"

adj. designed to; "medication that is supposed to relieve pain"; "what's that gadget supposed to do?"

adj. marked by good intentions though often producing unfortunate results; "a well-intentioned but clumsy waiter"; "a well-meaning but tactless fellow"; "the son's well-meaning efforts threw a singular chill upon the father's admirers"- S.W.Maughm; "blunt but well-meant criticism"

adj. resistant to guidance or discipline; "Mary Mary quite contrary"; "an obstinate child with a violent temper"; "a perverse mood"; "wayward behavior"

adj. refusing to submit to authority; "the recusant electors...cooperated in electing a new Senate"- Mary W.Williams

adj. stubbornly resistant to authority or control; "a fractious animal that would not submit to the harness"; "a refractory child"

adj. not subject to the control of the will; "involuntary manslaughter"; "involuntary servitude"; "an involuntary shudder"; "It (becoming a hero) was involuntary. They sank my boat"- John F.Kennedy

adj. occurring or appearing or singled out by chance; "their accidental meeting led to a renewal of their friendship"; "seek help from casual passers-by"; "a casual meeting"; "a chance occurrence"

adj. having no cause or apparent cause; "a causeless miracle"; "fortuitous encounters--strange accidents of fortune"; "we cannot regard artistic invention as...uncaused and unrelated to the times"

adj. not planned; "an unexpected pregnancy"

adj. dutifully complying with the commands or instructions of those in authority; "an obedient soldier"; "obedient children"; "a little man obedient to his wife"; "the obedient colonies...are heavily taxed; the refractory remain unburdened"- Edmund Burke